BIOGRAPY SOEKARNO

Sukarno

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"Soekarno" redirects here. For the 2013 Indonesian film, see Soekarno (film).

In this Indonesian name, there is no family name nor a patronymic.

Sukarno
Official portrait, 1949
1st President of Indonesia
In office 18 August 1945 – 12 March 1967
Prime Minister	Sutan Sjahrir Amir Sjarifuddin Mohammad Hatta Abdul Halim Muhammad Natsir Soekiman Wirjosandjojo Wilopo Ali Sastroamidjojo Burhanuddin Harahap Djuanda Kartawidjaja
Vice President	Mohammad Hatta (1945–1956)
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Suharto
President of the United States of Indonesia
In office 17 December 1949 – 17 August 1950
Vice President	Mohammad Hatta
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Position abolished
11th Prime Minister of Indonesia
In office 9 July 1959 – 25 July 1966
President	Himself
Preceded by	Djuanda Kartawidjaja
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Personal details
Born	Kusno Sosrodihardjo 6 June 1901 Soerabaja, Dutch East Indies[1]
Died	21 June 1970 (aged 69) Jakarta, Indonesia
Cause of death	Kidney failure
Resting place	Bung Karno's Grave Blitar, East Java, Indonesia 8°05′05″S 112°10′34″E
Political party	Indonesian National Party (1927–1931; 1945)
Height	1.70 m (5 ft 7 in)
Spouse(s)	Oetari ​ ​ (m. 1921; div. 1922)​ Inggit Garnasih ​ ​ (m. 1923; div. 1942)​ Fatmawati ​ (m. 1943)​ Hartini ​ (m. 1953)​ Kartini Manoppo ​ ​ (m. 1959; div. 1968)​ Naoko Nemoto ​ (m. 1962)​ Haryati ​ ​ (m. 1963; div. 1966)​ Yurike Sanger ​ ​ (m. 1964; div. 1967)​ Heldy Djafar ​ ​ (m. 1966; sep. 1967)​
Children

From Inggit

With Fatmawati

With Hartini

With Ratna

With Haryati

With Kartini
Parents	Soekemi Sosrodihardjo [id] (father) Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai [id] (mother)
Alma mater	Bandung Institute of Technology
Signature
Military service
Years of service	1945—1967
Rank	Supreme Commander
Commands	Indonesian National Armed Forces(As the Supreme Commander)
Battles/wars	Indonesian National Revolution Darul Islam Rebellion West New Guinea dispute Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66

This article is part of a series about Sukarno
Pre-independence PNI Partindo PETA BPUPK Pancasila PPKI Indonesian National Revolution Proclamation of Independence
Cabinets Presidential 1st Sjahrir 2nd 3rd 1st Amir 2nd 1st Hatta Emergency 2nd RUSI Susanto Halim Natsir Sukiman Wilopo 1st Ali Burhanuddin 2nd Ali Djuanda 1st Working 2nd 3rd 4th Dwikora Revised 2nd Revised Ampera
1st President of Indonesia Revolts APRA Ambon Permesta DI/TII Three Souths Affair Domestic Marhaenism Guided Democracy 5 July Decree Monas PKI G30S Supersemar Fall De-Sukarnoization Foreign policy Non-aligned movement Bandung Conference 1962 Asian Games CONEFO GANEFO building West Irian Trikora Pepera Konfrontasi Sunda Straits Crisis
Speeches Indonesia Menggugat Tahun Vivere Pericoloso
Family Spouses Fatmawati Dewi Children Rukmini Megawati Rachmawati Sukmawati Guruh
Media and legacy Grave Soekarno Seclusion house Soekarno–Hatta International Airport Gelora Bung Karno Stadium
v t e

Sukarno^[a] (/suːˈkɑːrnoʊ/;^[2] born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, Javanese: [kʊsnɔ]; 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970)^[3] was an Indonesian statesman, politician, nationalist and revolutionary who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967.

Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independence from the Dutch colonialists. He was a prominent leader of Indonesia's nationalist movement during the colonial period and spent over a decade under Dutch detention until released by the invading Japanese forces in World War II. Sukarno and his fellow nationalists collaborated to garner support for the Japanese war effort from the population, in exchange for Japanese aid in spreading nationalist ideas. Upon Japanese surrender, Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta declared Indonesian independence on 17 August 1945, and Sukarno was appointed as its president. He led Indonesians in resisting Dutch re-colonisation efforts via diplomatic and military means until the Dutch recognition of Indonesian independence in 1949. Author Pramoedya Ananta Toer once wrote, "Sukarno was the only Asian leader of the modern era able to unify people of such differing ethnic, cultural and religious backgrounds without shedding a drop of blood."^[4]

After a chaotic period of parliamentary democracy, Sukarno established an autocratic system called "Guided Democracy" in 1959 that successfully ended the instability and rebellions which were threatening the survival of the diverse and fractious country. The early 1960s saw Sukarno veering Indonesia to the left by providing support and protection to the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) to the irritation of the military and Islamists. He also embarked on a series of aggressive foreign policies under the rubric of anti-imperialism, with aid from the Soviet Union and China. The failure of the 30 September Movement in 1965 led to the destruction of the PKI with executions of its members and sympathisers in several massacres, incited by the UK government ^[5] with an estimated 500,000 to 1,000,000 dead.^{[6]: 3 [7][8][9]} He was replaced in 1967 by one of his generals, Suharto, and remained under house arrest until his death in 1970.